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Understand the key differences in emission standards, including the significant reduction in pollutants for cleaner air and better health. Read on to know more.
If you have noticed the terms "BS4" and "BS6" popping up when talking about cars and bikes, you are not alone. These terms might sound a bit technical, but they are super important for a very simple reason: cleaner air to breathe.
Understanding the differences between these two standards is crucial, especially with the major changes coming in constantly. So strap on your learning caps, and let's dive in and understand BS4 and BS6 once and for all.
The Indian government introduced Bharat Stage Emission Standards (BSES) to regulate the output of air pollutants from motor vehicles. BS4 and BS6 are the two latest emission standards currently in effect. While BS4 has been in place since 2017, BS6 became mandatory on April 1, 2020.
The vehicle's fuel type plays an important role in meeting emission standards. CNG and biofuels like ethanol, petrol, and biodiesel are cleaner alternatives to regular diesel and petrol. India is working with auto manufacturers to promote the use of alternative fuels. According to the Supreme Court, all vehicles sold after March 2020 must meet BS6 emission standards.
BS6 regulations aim to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by 25% in petrol engines and 70% in diesel engines compared to BS4. The nitrogen oxide limit for BS6 is 60 mg/km versus 80 mg/km for BS4 in petrol vehicles. For diesel vehicles, the BS6 limit is 80 mg/km versus 250 mg/km in BS4. Particulate matter emissions are capped at 4.5 mg/km for petrol and diesel BS6 engines.
BS6 fuel has a maximum sulfur content of 10 ppm, five times lower than the 50 ppm limit in BS4 fuel. While sulfur helps lubricate engine parts, the additives in BS6 fuel mimic its properties.
BS6 engines have diesel particulate filters and selective catalytic reduction systems to curb emissions. These technologies were not mandatory in BS4. Real-driving emission tests have also been introduced to measure pollutants emitted under real-world driving conditions.
The switch from BS4 to BS6 means current vehicles must be retrofitted with upgraded engines and after-treatment systems to meet the new standards. This may lead to a slight increase in vehicle costs for automakers and customers. However, the long-term benefits of reduced emissions and a greener environment far outweigh these costs. Overall, the move to BS6 is a positive step toward tackling air pollution in India.
The major benefit of upgrading to BS6 norms is reduced pollution. Harmful pollutants like nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) emitted from vehicles will decrease significantly, helping to reduce health issues and environmental damage. The new norms aim to bring down NOx and PM emissions by 25-70%, which is a welcome move considering the worsening air pollution in cities.
BS6-compliant vehicles are equipped with advanced technologies, such as selective catalytic reduction and diesel particulate filters, to control emissions. These technologies, in turn, help improve engine combustion and increase fuel efficiency. So, you can expect up to 10% improved mileage from BS6 vehicles.
The advanced emission control systems in BS6 vehicles need specialised care and maintenance, which may slightly increase maintenance costs initially. However, BS6 vehicles are designed to provide lower maintenance with reduced friction and wear and tear in the long run. The improved fuel injection systems also help improve engine performance and reduce maintenance.
Upgrading to BS6 norms is inevitable to meet the emission standards set by the government. The BS6 vehicles you buy today will serve you well for the next 10-15 years without facing any restrictions on usage or resale value. The advanced technologies used in these vehicles are the way forward to more sustainable mobility solutions. So, buying a BS6 vehicle is future-proofing your investment.
Lastly, with a BS6 vehicle, you can drive with peace of mind, knowing that you contribute to a greener and healthier environment. The lower emissions and reduced air pollution will benefit us and future generations. You stay within the emission norms set by the government and avoid facing any legal issues or penalties in the future.
You have learned a lot about the BS4 and BS6 emission standards and how they impact air quality. While it may seem like a bunch of technical mumbo jumbo, this stuff really matters.
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